The Harmful effects of Solitary Confinement (or Segregation, as it is
called in the Department of Corrections) is well documented and
recognized. People held in Solitary Confinement suffer psychological
effects that make it harder for them to control their behavior.
Rehabilitative programming and mental health treatment could make
Anchorage Correctional Complex and many other Correctional Institutions
safer.
Putting people in solitary confinement does reduce prison violence, only
in the way that Anchorage Correctional Complex, Alaska Department of
Corrections allows the gang controlled General Population (GP) mods to
force out people with certain types of alleged charges if they don’t pay
the gang protection charge (tax) of $500.00 a month or they are beaten
up. People that are faced with a choice of adverse affects of gang
related violence or solitary confinement usually choose solitary
confinement over the Anchorage Correctional Complex sanctioned gang
controlled GP mods.
People in solitary confinement segregation are deprived of the
programming and social interactions that are needed to succeed and avoid
recidivism upon release back into the community. Anchorage Correctional
Complex, Alaska Department of Corrections can and should provide
treatment, group programming, Religious services and opportunities for
social interaction even in the most secure settings which will enable a
more successful transition to the community.
Anchorage Correctional Complex (ACC) uses Administrative Segregation
Protective Custody as punishment for these people that must request
protection from people in GP due to the inefficient control by ACC
officials oversight of GP gang operated and controlled mods at ACC.
Administrative Segregation Protective Custody (Admin. Seg. P.C.) Adseg 5
people “cannot be guaranteed safe conditions” due to their status within
the incarcerated community and therefore are the people that are
segregated into solitary confinement as punishment by ACC officials
allowing those people that are actually the agitators to continue to
create unsafe environments, but they are free from punishment.
Other Alaska Department of Corrections (AK DOC) Institutions have shown
that mods for people specifically needing or wanting to get away from
gang controlled mods and violence can be housed in separate segregated
modular housing units but in a GP style, with programming and social
interaction available to those people. ACC officials punish pretrial
detainees who request to be separated from the gang controlled mods of
ACC, by putting those people into Solitary Confinement, removing their
ability for rehabilitative programming, Religious Services, social
interaction and a real possibility of re-integration to the community.
ACC refuses to recognize that the people in the GP mods that are
creating this situation are the real threat to the institution and are
the very ones that should be removed from GP and put into Punitive
Segregation. ACC refuses to acknowledge the punishing conditions that
solitary confinement poses and are quick to say “if you don’t like it,
go back to GP”, then they turn right around and say that “we cannot
guarantee your safety in GP.” Their very statements go to show their
acknowledgement that they allow the gang operated and controlled GP mods
here at ACC.
People in ACC Administrative Segregation should have the same conditions
and privileges equal to the GP to the extent possible. ACC officials
though, deny those privileges and conditions to Admin. Seg. people as a
group punishment for requesting separation from the gang controlled GP
mods. ACC officials claim that a Admin. Seg. P.C. GP Style mod will not
work, although other AK DOC institutions use Admin. Seg. GP Style mods.
ACC claims they can’t mix minimum and closed custody classified people
in the same mod. AK DOC P&P 808.09 says that “minimum and closed
custody prisoners shall not be housed in the same cell, dormitory or
modular housing unit,” but ACC officials put minimum and closed custody
pretrial detainees together in the same cells, dormitory, modular
housing units as well as in the recreation yard where one officer
oversees 20-35 detainees at the same time and ACC officials also put
minimum and closed custody pretrial detainees in the Law Library with
each other at the same time with a minimum of 4 locked doors between us
and the nearest possible responding officer which puts minimum pretrial
detainees at risk twice a day for an hour each time, from being locked
in the Law Library with closed custody detainees. ACC Officials
arguments denying Amin. Seg. GP Style mods are not sustainable in view
of their practices of mixing and putting minimum and closed custody
detainees together in situations every day that has the potential of the
minimum custody detainees being harmed. ACC has two separate Admin. Seg.
mods that they could separate minimum and closed detainees between the
two mods with medium custody detainees filing in between the two mods.
ACC officials refuse to consider this as an option.
Study after study has shown that long term Seg. can cause serious and
permanent psychological damage. Pretrial detainees, especially those
already diagnosed with mental illness are not supposed to be celled up
with or housed with other pretrial detainees that do not have a mental
health diagnosis. ACC officials do this all the time, creating the
potential for harm to both those with and without mental illness.
It has been found in studies that severe negative effects can occur even
after just a few days in solitary confinement conditions. Any time of
solitary confinement beyond 15 days constitutes torture, cruel in-humane
degrading treatment and punishment. The over-use of Segregated Solitary
Confinement by ACC officials is bad for Public Safety.
People who are held in Seg. for substantial amounts of time are deprived
of normal environmental stimulation and suffer symptoms such as anxiety,
panic, withdrawal, hallucinations, hopelessness, paranoia and
depression. This environment can also lead to the development of
aggression and rage. These harsh confined conditions of sensory
deprivation and lack of human contact have been shown to increase mental
illness issues and lead to suicide and other self harm. The misuses of
Seg. by ACC officials works against the process of rehabilitating
people, thereby threatening public safety. Some of us have been in
solitary confinement for 2-7 years here at Anchorage Correctional
Complex. For myself, as of July 1st, 2018, its been 3 years in ACC
solitary confinement segregation.
Rehabilitation programming and mental health care can make jails and
prisons safer.
People in Seg. are denied access to the types of programming that is
shown to lead to reductions in recidivism, Segregation conditions at ACC
prevent people from sustaining or creating social bonds. The
psychological effects of Seg. can be long lasting, preventing people
released back into the community from adjusting to life outside of
prison. The paranoia and social anxiety resulting from segregation means
that people released into the community directly from segregation have
difficulties adjusting and are at a greater risk of re-offending and are
at a high risk for failure which is bad for public safety. I believe
that the officials at ACC encourage failure for the “security” of their
own job placement. Anchorage Correctional Complex officials have shown
over and over that they have no desire to implement beneficial
programming or social sustainment of mental well being in the people
that are in their care.
Segregation is too costly to the people held in segregated solitary
confinement that are harmed by ACC officials’ actions and to the
communities that these people are released directly back into. People in
Solitary Confinement should have access to meaningful rehabilitative
programming and treatment. ACC officials refuse to open up the Admin.
Seg. mods, although at the minimum, they should be seeking ways to
increase the amount of time that people in Admin. Seg. Solitary
Confinement have outside of their cells and to offer enhanced in cell
programming opportunities, out of cell therapies, skill building and
social interaction with staff with staff and other pretrial detainees,
which are for safe integration to society and the community at large.