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Hoxha claimed public unity with Mao until the latter's death in 1976. Throughout the 1960s and till Mao's death, Hoxha referred to China as undergoing "socialist construction" and he referred to Mao as a "Marxist-Leninist." After Mao died and Albania lost its aid from China, Hoxha attacked Mao's legacy that he used to uphold. In 1979, Hoxha publicly criticized the Cultural Revolution(1966-1976). Instead of "Marxist-Leninist" as Hoxha earlier called Mao, Hoxha said that Mao was a "progressive figure" and "nationalist."
Hoxha said it was impossible for a bourgeoisie to exist in the party unless the party was revisionist and tolerated the bourgeoisie; hence he opposed Mao's theses and the reason for a Cultural Revolution, which Albania never had. In practice, Hoxha's own hand-picked successor Ramiz Alia restored open, traditional capitalism in Albania; yet, Hoxhaites have still failed to draw any correct scientific conclusions about who was correct: Mao or Hoxha. They fail to say, "yes, look at Gorbachev, Yeltsin and Alia: they were all inside parties alleging to be communist, so how can we deny Mao's thesis about a bourgeoisie in the party?" It can still be said that Hoxhaites talk about class struggle under socialism, but without a bourgeoisie!
Alliance Marxist-Leninist North America
Self-description: This organization claims to have arisen from the Albania-U.S.A. Friendship Society in 1991. The http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Atrium/1091/ALLIANCEML.HTML was created in April, 1999, but is now defunct. Friendly with the Northstar Compass.
Comments:
We could not find any polemics against Mao. Their comrades in Turkey denounced Mao's Three World Theory.
In shades of splintering reminiscent of Trotskyism, their article on the Black Nation thesis says there was a plot to make Stalin responsible for it when he was not! No where in the whole article does it discuss the labor aristocracy; even though, it does attempt a discussion of the "stabilization" debate about the imperialist countries such as the United $tates. No where does it explain why Stalin never came out against the Black Nation thesis once it came out in 1928 until he died in 1953.
We found the first edition of the book by W.B. Bland called "The Restoration of Capitalism in the Soviet Union" very useful. We have distributed many copies in the last 10 years without knowing anything about its author. MIM cannot say it ever met him and he is reportedly dead now, so we cannot validate the claim that he wrote the book for the "Communist League." However, the contents of the book are the same as what MIM has supported all along. As part of the struggle against sectarianism and also simply as a matter of spreading scientific discussion of the vital question of Stalin, we have stopped linking to other sources for this book and we have put it up here for ourselves. Hopefully, with the book in numerous places it won't be subject to Yahoo whims or technical difficulties. The new edition is available here. (It used to be at http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Atrium/1091/ussrindex.html .) It's mainly a collection of quotes from Soviet revisionist sources that nonetheless reveal the restoration of capitalism before it was carried out in the open. It also answers the question of what the difference between Stalin and Khruschev was.
MIM replies to Alliance on size of labor aristocracy in Britain in 1966.
2001 update: Apparently Yahoo destroyed the web pages of this group. A new location for the web pages is here. The Alliance asked MIM to point out that they were the first to put Bland's book on the Internet.
January 2002 update: This organization has now posted articles attacking Mao. MIM will address them soon.
August 2002 update: Bill Bland, Alliance, Hari Kumar: Kremlinologists, not scientific communists
September 2004 update: They appear to be serving from an old server but through a new name here.
Marxist-Leninist Study Group
Marxist-Leninist Study Group
PO Box 25716
Chicago, IL 60625
Comments: The splits in the now defunct Marxist-Leninist Party (MLP) were not public. People and organizations at a rally one day would deny they split or ever existed the next. MIM is not certain of the connection amongst this organization, the Chicago MLP and the Chicago bookstore.
However, one may want to look at the bookstore website: http://www.mcs.com/~mlbooks/ There is not much there. (Update 2001: The above web site is gone.)
The Hoxhaite movement has suffered severe disintegration in the
U$A and most other countries. A part also went to the "back-to-Marxism-Leninism" movement.
U.S. Marxist-Leninist Organization
Voice of Revolution
PO Box 265
310 Franklin St.
Boston, MA 02110
$5 per year
Self-Description:: Sells Hoxha books. Hails 9th Congress of Labor
Party of Albania [circa 1990]. Publications from 1997 commemorated the death of Hardial Bains, an international Hoxhaite leader last based in Canada and the Communist Party of Canada(M-L).
Comments:
Organization remained firm against electoral politics, but it softened its stance against
Cuban and Korean revisionism once the Soviet Union and Albania gave up the pretense
of Marxism-Leninism. The organization's website has little theoretical content, especially by way of lines of demarcation.
As of May 14, 1999, its web page had not been updated since March, 1998. See http://www.geocities.com/CapitolHill/Lobby/9578/index.html
Update 2001: The above web site is gone. The new one is
here
A review of USMLO articles (September 9 2004)
U.S.-Albania Friendship Association
U.S.-Albania Friendship Association
PO Box 429
Jamaica Plain, MA 02130
(617) 522-7550
Comment in 2001: Not sure this exists anymore.
Liberation League
Liberation League
PO Box 13851
New Orleans, LA 70185
Self-Description: Does union and anti-white supremacist work.
Comment in 2001: Not sure this organization exists anymore.